Description: This fourth edition of the successful Pratt-Zelkowitz programming languages text updates the previous edition to the twenty-first century, without sacrificing any of the features that made it a best-seller for the past twenty-five years. This new edition continues the tradition of considering the software and hardware architecture when describing the features of a programming language. It provides programmers with the perspective to develop correct and efficient software.Readers familiar with the third edition will be comfortable with this new edition. Most of the chapter titles are the same, although sections have been moved around to help facilitate the flow of information. Important topics, such as object-oriented design, have